Saffron Adulteration: Simple Methods for Identification of Fake Saffron

الملخص

Background: Saffron is considered the most expensive spice all over the world making it susceptible to adulteration. Iran is the most producer of saffron in addition to many other origins. There are many methods of examining saffron either pharmacopoieal or non-pharmacopial methods. Method: eight samples collected from markets in Tripoli-Libya were examined by solvent tests, microscopic features and TLC. Results: Water solubility assured the quality of samples 1, 3 and 6 where samples 4 and 5 imparted red colours compared to no colour in case of sample 7 and 8. Methanol test assured results obtained of water solubility. Sulphuric acid tests confirmed purity of samples 1, 2, and 3. Microscope images showed matching of some features of saffron with definite fake features for samples 2, 7 and 8. Moreover, yellow spots detected by naked eye on TLC matched requirements stated in Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: Results obtained for the eight samples focused on main features expected to be obtained with genuine saffron. Samples 1, 2 and 3 showed to have most expected features. Finally, this study assures the urge of using quick and simple methods for testing saffron results.